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Who will sign the universal and binding agreement on climate change in Paris.
It was an inescapable question that Spain ratify the first universal and binding agreement by theclimate change that took place in Paris, the so-called COP21, on April 22 at a high-level ceremony organized by the UN Secretary General, Ban Ki-moon, in New York, and that in reality represents a very long agenda. with many duties on the part of the signatory countries to carry out on the «later Paris».
This past Friday, the Minister council has authorized, at the proposal of the Ministries of Foreign Affairs and Cooperation, and of Agriculture, Food and Environment, the signing of the Paris Agreement, a milestone for the international community in the fight against climate change.
The text of the pact, made up of a preamble and 29 articles (We can read it from the UN HERE in Spanish), has as its main purpose to avoid that the increase in the global average temperature of the planet exceeds two degrees with respect to pre-industrial levels and It also seeks to achieve, in addition to this, auxiliary sacrifices that make it possible for global warming not to exceed one degree and five degrees.
The Pact recognizes the importance of gradually increasing the intensity of the commitments with gradually more ambitious objectives, for which it establishes a review cycle every 5 years of the degree of compliance with each and every one of the national measures implemented to achieve the goal of 2º C.
At the time we already made an article of interest where we analyzed the reason for climate change and the 10 key points of COP21 of which we made a synthesis in the following link:
To achieve the objectives set out in this Agreement, developed countries commit to mobilize one hundred billion dollars annually from 2022, through public and private sources, a commitment that will be revised upwards before 2025. Regarding countries in Development establishes the possibility for them to participate, voluntarily, in terms of financing, thus increasing for the first time the donor base in the fight against climate change.
It is worth highlighting a very important point of the agreement …«The problem comes, in that for its entry into force it will occur when, at least, 55 parties that add up to a total of 55 percent of global emissions have ratified it and it will take effect from the year 2022. "
But then… Which countries should we look to to ratify the agreement? In the following graph we can confirm which countries are the most prominent.
I think it is understandable and no surprise that China, the United States, the EU, India, Russia and Japan are leading the way.
At the end of last month there was a surprise fromUnited States and China, the world's two largest greenhouse gas emitters confirmed that they will sign the Paris agreement and issued a joint presidential statement calling for and inviting other countries to sign the agreement next month, with a view to achieving the agreement as soon as possible. (Here news)
From Europe It is already known that most countries will sign, with the exception and doubts of some northern country.
Another question was the India, a superpower that advances by giant steps both in technology and in pollution, however, earlier this month I already communicated from Bombay that it will proceed with the signature. (Here news)
As to Russia. The current economic model, based on the fossil fuels and export raw materials shows their high vulnerability to external risks (oil prices and short-term conditions, political tensions, etc.). In reality, it has not delivered GDP growth for the past seven years and is unlikely to be able to do so in the future. Russian economists are looking for a new model of diversified economy, promoting innovation, technological modernization and increasing the well-being of the population. Russia may lose its position as a major economy by focusing on fossil fuel supplies, or it may choose to use its strengths in energy resources, science and technology so as not to be left behind on the 'energy bandwagon' (To understand more HERE ) …
Remember, Russia is rich in fossil fuels, but it is also rich in renewable energy sources. According to the Russian Institute of Energy, the country's technological potential in solar, wind, geothermal, tidal energy and biomass is 25 times greater than the total primary energy produced today.
Whether he will sign or not is unknown, recalling that Russia did sign the first meeting of the Parties to the Kyoto Protocol in November 2005.
As for Japan, it has already confirmed that it will sign (Here) so for now the expectations are quite good.
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