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The golden section and its proportion
Although some planners or designers overlook the theme of the golden ratio, the reality is that throughout history it has been successfully applied in multiple projects, designs, buildings, photography, with mathematics playing an important role.
Those illustrious artists and craftsmen understood that the proportionality before the spectator is necessary to obtain a visual with harmony and composition, enhancing the beauty of things.
It has been assigned many definitions and names; The golden number, the golden number or golden number, fi number, golden section, golden ratio, golden ratio, golden measure or divine proportion.
Represented by the Greek letter Phi = 1.618034 in honor of the Greek sculptor Phidias. A phi number It has many interesting and exciting properties that were discovered in ancient times, not as a "unit" but as a ratio or proportion.
That discovery provided a new aesthetic rule that crossed borders and remains today - for many designers and artists - as a key element in the artistic process.
What is the golden ratio and its history
If we remember history in search of theconcept of divine proportion. Leonardo Pisano, also known as Fibonacci, was a famous Italian mathematician who dedicated himself to spreading the Arabic numeral system (1, 2, 3…) in Europe with a decimal base and a null value (zero) in its Abacus book in 1202.
But, the great discovery of this mathematician was the Fibonacci Succession that, later, gave rise to the golden ratio in art.
What is the Fibonacci Sequence?… It is a number series: 0, 1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, 21, 34, 55, etc. It is an infinite series in which the sum of two consecutive numbers always results in the next number (1 + 1 = 2; 13 + 21 = 34). The relationship that exists between each pair of consecutive numbers (that is, if we divide each number by its previous one) is close to the golden number (1.618034).
To understand it better, we break down the creation step by step in a drawing with three parts:
- A.- If we transfer the previous numerical sequence to a rectangle we find the following example for a better understanding:
- B.- If we follow the division with the Fibonacci sequence:
- C.- When joining different vertices with a line, the famous Golden Spiral which is very present in nature, visually resulting in a «natural» proportion.
This process translates into the following summary scheme that the PDF can be obtained from HERE and that will surely be useful for many (I remind you that later there is a calculator that we can insert values in centimeters to obtain a desired proportionality)
Subsequently, the fascination has been such throughout history that an Italian mathematician and theologian Luca Pacioli published a book entitled The Divine Proportion (1509) in which he gave five reasons to unravel from why the golden number is divine:
- The fact that it is defined by three segments of a line, which resembles the Trinity.
- The uniqueness of one's own number, which resembles that of God.
- If we look at the immeasurability of number, just as God is immeasurable.
- God gave being to the universe through the fifth essence, represented at one time by a dodecahedron, and the golden number gave being to the dodecahedron.
- Our God is omnipresent and unchanging, just like this number is.
Faced with this numerical sequence and its derivations, we can find this video that explores the geometry, the why and the proportionality existing in nature:
Calculate the golden ratio
A useful tool to obtain the measurements quickly and practically is the following golden ratio calculator that will help us find the measurements:
Golden Rectangle Calculator
Examples divine proportion
If we look around examples there are many, in architecture, nature, in the human body, in design or photography, but this time we are going to focus on some that we particularly see many times without realizing.
An example of digital design can be found on the Twitter website. Simple as that. Although currently we see it in reverse, it continues to maintain proportionality.
Or in the design of a simple computer mouse. Many everyday objects begin their beginnings in a design based on the golden rectangle although later they are deformed according to needs or utility objectives.
In the case of architecture There are modern buildings and houses that are raised from a point of view and golden perspective. This is the case of the Nautilus house (More info HERE)
You can find many examples golden ratio in perfectly designed architectural works or recognize the perfect measurements of the human being:
How to observe the proportiongolden
Compression of the proportionality It will change the way you see the objects that surround you, for example, objects that psychologically could have obvious negative connotations such as tobacco packs or credit cards, are golden rectangles Well, this gives them a certain aesthetic beauty, that's called "marketing" …
To know quickly how to get the golden ratio on an object it is enough to put it next to the other, short side next to long side and draw a diagonal from the upper and lower corner of the set, if three vertices are aligned, the golden ratio in design of the objects. The representative example would be:
A «toy» that has fascinated us for its simplicity and the way of superimposing the golden spiral On any form is the Golden Section Finder designed by the Areaware studio. A slim, pocket-sized card that helps to locate perfectly and proportionally in everyday items or in nature itself.
To learn more in PDF documents and video
- Golden section in art and architecture… Consult from HERE.
- The golden reason … Consult from HERE.
- Franco, Manel: Le Corbusier's El Modulor (1943-54)… Consult from HERE.
- T. Antony Davis and Rudolf Altevogt, «Golden Mean of the Human Body»… Consult from HERE.
- Documentary networks… The golden ratio architecture - video Consult from QUÍ. (Very interesting)
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