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Bolivia is among the 15 countries considered to be the most megadiverse, due to the great biodiversity found in its territory, especially in its forests and jungles. Biodiversity in Bolivia, together with that of 15 other countries, contains more than 70% of the species existing on the planet. Bolivia's forests rank the country as the tenth richest in fresh water per inhabitant and the sixth richest in natural tropical forests. Due to the high complexity of existing ecosystems in Bolivia and the difficulty of homogenizing a suitable term for all systems, the scientific community has divided the country into different ecoregions, which in turn can be divided into ecological regions of Bolivia.
If you want to know more about the ecoregions of Bolivia and its biodiversity, keep reading this interesting article by Ecologist Verde, which will also show the map of the ecoregions of Bolivia and mention some animals and plants of Bolivia.
Southwestern Amazon Forest
The southwestern Amazon rainforest or southwestern Amazon forest it extends through the north of Bolivia and is a refuge for many species that are seriously threatened; as they can be:
- The sinner.
- The jaguar.
- The alligator.
In addition, there are different inventories showing that this ecoregion contains a great diversity of species of butterflies, fish, birds and plants, many of which are endemic.
Beni savannas or flooded savannas
The Beni savannas or flooded savannas, in Peru this area is known as Sabana de Palmeras, they are an ecoregion that is located in the neotropical ecozone, spreading across the Benian plain southwest of the Amazon basin and northeast of the Andes. Practically speaking of a grassland formed by seasonal wetlands with large subtropical forests and savannas.
Here we tell you more about what are wetlands, their types and characteristics.
Tropical rainforest
In the humid tropical forest ecoregion of Bolivia there is a great biodiversity. It is also characterized by frequent rainfall throughout the year and a climate with average temperatures between 25ºC and 27ºC.
We will tell you more about this type of natural region in these other articles about Tropical Forests: characteristics, flora and fauna and Why the conservation of tropical forests is important.
Bolivian Yungas
It is one of the Most diverse ecoregions of Bolivia In terms of biodiversity, climate and topography, for example, there are rainy valleys, mountains, wooded and steep areas. The forests of this ecoregion called Bolivian Yungas they are characterized by presenting an altitudinal distribution in different vegetation levels.
Central Andean humid puna
The central Andean humid puna is one of the ecoregions of Bolivia formed by montane scrub and grasslands, it is not only found in Bolivia, but also in the Andes of Peru.
Its climate can vary between cold semi-arid and subtropical. The flora that characterizes it is made up of communities of wetlands, bouquets, herbaceous plants, small shrubs and trees. Some of the animal species in Bolivia, more specifically in this ecoregion, are all those species of Andean camelids, such as the llama or the guanaco, large mammals and a great variety of endemic birds.
Image: Wikipedia
Central Andean Puna
In this Bolivian ecoregion call Andean central puna bush and mountainous grasslands predominate, it is based on high mountains with permanent ice and snow, lakes, plateaus, preadows and valleys. The climate is cold semi-arid, and its endemic fauna includes the puna mouse and the Darwin area.
Image: EIB Primary Wiki
Bolivian montane dry puna
To Bolivian montane dry puna Or simply, dry puna of Bolivia it is characterized by being formed by scrub and grasslands. Its climate is cold desert and among its flora is very typical that found in wetlands and desert areas, there is also the presence of swamp vegetation, grassland species of the Festuca and Stipa genera, and the plant is also found woody Polylepis tarapacana. It is dominated by animal species such as camelids, puma and Andean fox, as well as three species of flamingos, among other birds.
Chiquitano dry forest
The chiquitano dry forest is he largest tropical dry forest in South America and practically almost all its extension in the department of Santa Cruz, Bolivia.
Its vegetation ranges from semi-deciduous to deciduous with exclusive species, such as the yellow tararas, the South American oak, the momoqui and the purple, among others. It is an area with special commercial value since approximately more than 75% of the species in this forest are timber.
Sabana del Cerrado or Bolivian Cerrado
The savannah of the Cerrado or Bolivian Cerrado is a tropical savanna that extends in the East of Bolivia, although its greater extension is in Brazil. In it there is a great biodiversity of animals and plants from Brazil and this area of Bolivia, although this enormous biodiversity is constantly threatened by monocultures, extensive agriculture and the burning of vegetation for the production of charcoal.
Image: Wikipedia
Chaco
The Bolivian chaco It is an ecoregion that extends through the southern part of the eastern plains region of Bolivia. This ecoregion is characterized by a semi-arid climate and a low biodiversity of plant and animal species compared to other parts of the country. This area is of great importance to humans due to the concentration of existing oil and gas fields.
Image: NativaBolivia
Marshland
At bolivian pantanal there are lagoons and lakes, flooded savannas, swamps, rivers, dry and closed forests. In the area of the Bolivia ecoregion known as the pantanal is a great variety of magnificent plant and fish species, large mammals and birds.
Other ecoregions of Bolivia
In addition, we can find other areas considered as well Bolivian ecoregions, as they are deserts, lakes and salt flats. Here we mention some of these well-known areas:
- Atacama Desert
- Sechura Desert
- Titicaca lake
- Lake Uru Uru
- Salar de Uyuni
- Salar de Coipasa
After learning about all these natural regions of Bolivia, we encourage you to know these 13 animals in danger of extinction in Bolivia.
If you want to read more articles similar to The ecoregions of Bolivia and their characteristics, we recommend that you enter our Ecosystems category.
Bibliography- IV NATIONAL REPORT. UNITED NATIONS CONVENTION ON BIOLOGICAL DIVERSITY. PLURINATIONAL STATE OF BOLIVIA. MINISTRY OF THE ENVIRONMENT AND WATER. Vice Ministry of Environment, Biodiversity, Climate Change and Forest Management and Development: https://www.cbd.int/doc/world/bo/bo-nr-04-es.pdf
